基于压强反馈的固体姿轨控发动机工作模式转换过程研究

    Working mode conversion process of solid divert and attitude control motor based on pressure feedback

    • 为研究姿轨控发动机工作模式转换时燃烧室压强的动态响应过程,基于压强反馈控制方式,通过零维内弹道与阀门伺服建模,将开环压强响应简化为一阶惯性环节,引入闭环控制后简化为典型二阶系统,研究了姿轨控发动机参数对模式转换过程的动态影响和扰动控制误差的解析式,分析了常值、线性、正弦扰动下的稳态误差;设计了压强反馈控制试验,通过姿控阀开度变化引入多种形式扰动,完成两次模式转换验证。结果表明,比例控制可以消除常值扰动,对线性扰动存在恒定偏差,对正弦扰动存在同频误差。不同工作时刻进行模式转换时的动态响应存在时变性,以9 MPa为高压模式目标压强,通过改变控制参数增大开环增益,实现无扰动注入下不同时段控制误差均为0.2 MPa,不同类型扰动注入后最大误差为0.5 MPa,最大模式转换时间为0.8 s,具备较强的扰动抑制能力。

       

      Abstract: To investigate the dynamic response of chamber pressure during mode-switching of divert and attitude control motors, a pressure-feedback control scheme was adopted. Combined with zero-dimensional internal ballistic and valve servo modeling, the open-loop pressure response was simplified as a first-order inertial element, which was further reduced to a standard second-order system upon the application of closed-loop control. Analytical formulas were derived to describe the dynamic effects of motor characteristic parameters on the mode-switching process, as well as disturbance control errors, and steady-state errors under constant, linear and sinusoidal disturbances were analyzed. A pressure feedback control test was designed, where multiple types of disturbances were generated by adjusting the opening of the attitude control valve, and two groups of mode-switching verification tests were implemented. Test results reveal that proportional control can eliminate errors induced by constant disturbances, but constant offsets persist under linear disturbances and identical-frequency errors occur under sinusoidal disturbances. The dynamic response exhibits obvious time-varying characteristics when mode-switching is triggered at different operating moments. With the target pressure of the high-pressure mode set to 9 MPa, the open-loop gain is increased via control parameters tuning. The control error is limited to 0.2 MPa across all stages without disturbance injection. After introducing various disturbances, the maximum control error reaches 0.5 MPa and the maximum mode-switching time is 0.8 s, which proves that the system possesses strong disturbance rejection capability.

       

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